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| Age – |
The number of years the whisky has spend in a wooden barrel during maturation; blended whisky takes on the age of its youngest component. |
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| Blended scotch – |
A blend of various whiskies to produce a standard, uniform whisky. |
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| Cask – |
A large, oak barrel that is used to store whisky; since 1916, all scotch whisky must be aged in an oak cask for at least 3 years |
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| Cask strength – |
Whisky bottled at the alcoholic strength at which it aged in the cask without being diluted by adding water; whisky often contains an alcohol content of over 50% ABV while stored in casks. |
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| Charring – |
The process of exposing flames to the inside surface of new barrels opening fissures in the wood to help with the aging process. |
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| Chill filtration – |
The process of removing congeners by chilling the whisky prior to bottling which could otherwise cause the whisky to become cloudy when stored at low temperatures. |
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| Congeners – |
Chemical compounds created during the production of whisky which give the whisky its flavor; examples of congeners include esters, acids, aldehydes, and higher alcohols. |
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| Distillation – |
The process of turning a substance into vapor by heat, cooling the vapor so that it condenses, and collecting the resulting liquid in order to purify it or separate its constituents. |
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| Draf – |
During the mashing process, the leftover grist at the bottom of the mash tun once the wort has been drawn off; often recycled and used as cattle food. |
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| Dram – |
A small glass of whisky. |
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| Drum maltings – |
Process of malting carried out in large drums (large cylindrical containers) that turn the barley mechanically instead of by hand. |
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| Feints – |
The final spirit at the end of the pot distillation process; low in alcohol and re-distilled. |
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| Foreshots – |
The poisonous first part of the distillate. |
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| Grain whisky – |
Whisky produced by a coffey or patent still using wheat, maize, unmalted barley, or other cereals instead of barley as ingredients; usually used in blends. |
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| Grist - |
Dried malt grounded into a powder-like substance which is mixed with hot water in a mash tun during the mashing stage. |
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| Highland - |
Whisky made from distilleries in the northern, highland region of Scotland. |
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| Island - |
Whisky made from distilleries in the islands of Scotland except for Islay. |
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| Islay – |
Whisky made from distilleries on the island of Islay. |
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| Kiln – |
Traditional oven used for drying barley to halt the germination process during the malting stage; distinguished by pagoda-shaped chimneys. |
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| Lomond still – |
A type of pot still first used in the Lomond Distillery that produces an oilier, heavier spirit; initially designed to allow widening of the character and style of the malts by using stills which had an additional condenser in the head altering the reflux action in a controlled manner. |
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| Lowland – |
Whisky made from distilleries in the southern, lowland region of Scotland. |
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| Low wine – |
The spirit resulting from the first distillation containing about 21% ABV; low wine is then passed through the spirit still in the second distillation to produce a stronger spirit. |
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| Lyne arm – |
The arm running from the head of the still to the condenser in a pot still. |
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| Malt – |
Barley prepared by steeping, germinating, and drying. |
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| Malt floorings – |
Maltings where barley is spread out on a floor (usually concrete) and turned by hand during the initial malting process of whisky production. |
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| Mash – |
Liquid composed of mixing grist with hot water. |
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| Mash tun – |
Large vessel used in the mashing process. |
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| Middle cut – |
The part of the spirit that contains the highest quality alcohol needed for maturation and aging. |
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| Mash – |
The first stage of the brewing process where malt is mixed with pure hot water to extract sugar. |
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| Peat – |
A decaying vegetable matter decomposed by the action of water in marshes used as fuel; the smoke given off when burnt is used in the malting of barley. |
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| Pot still – |
Open fire still used for the distillation of single malt; usually made of copper or stainless steel; a common still for double distilling malt whisky. |
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| Saladin box – |
Vessel that is mechanically turned while barley germinates. |
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| Single malt – |
Whisky made entirely from malt at a single distillery and fermented in a traditional pot still. |
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| Spirit still – |
The second still in the distillation process when using a pot still. |
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| Still – |
A device that changes a lower strength spirit into a higher one by heating and separating the vapors. |
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| Vatted whisky – |
Whisky blended from several distilleries. |
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| Wash – |
The result of the fermentation of the grist; the alcoholic liquid distilled to make the whisky. |
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| Wash back – |
The vessel where the yeast is added to the cooled wort. |
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| Wash still - |
The first still in the distillation process when using a pot still. |
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| Worm - |
A coiled copper coil used in condensing vapors in the still. |
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| Wort - |
The hot liquid produced from dissolved sugars in the barley grist that is drained from the mash tun prior to entering the wash back for fermentation. |
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